Patients may complain of ocular and eyelid discomfort and discharge, especially in the morning, and commonly have evaporative dry eye signs and symptoms. In practice, the morphologic changes in MGD are mainly assessed by slit-lamp inspection. The presentation and impact of MGD on the ocular surface is variable and include altered secretions, changes in eyelid morphology, gland dropout, and ocular surface disease. Meibomian glands secrete meibum, a compound made of polar lipids (phospholipids) which provides tear film stability, and organic matter and nonpolar lipids (cholesterol, wax esters, and cholesterol esters) which prevent excessive evaporation of tear fluid. ![]() Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) describes a functional abnormality of the meibomian glands and it is one of the most common disorders encountered in ophthalmic practice.
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